% Simple illustration of the automatic extraction of modes
%       in Aleph using Michalski's trains problem.
% To run do the following:
%       a. Load Aleph
%       b. read_all(train).
%       c. induce_modes.
% Tighter or looser chaining is achieved by changing the
% value of the mode_overlap_threshold parameter

/** <examples>
?- induce_modes(Modes).
*/


:-use_module(library(aleph)).
:- if(current_predicate(use_rendering/1)).
:- use_rendering(prolog).
:- endif.
:- aleph.
:- aleph_set(i,2).
:- aleph_set(clauselength,4).
:- aleph_set(mode_overlap_threshold,0.95).

% commented out -- Aleph has to learn these (or some approximation to them)
% :- modeh(1,eastbound(+train)).
% :- modeb(1,short(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,closed(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,long(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,open_car(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,double(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,jagged(+car)).
% :- modeb(1,shape(+car,#shape)).
% :- modeb(1,load(+car,#shape,#int)).
% :- modeb(1,wheels(+car,#int)).
% :- modeb(*,has_car(+train,-car)).

:- determination(eastbound/1,short/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,closed/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,long/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,open_car/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,double/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,jagged/1).
:- determination(eastbound/1,shape/2).
:- determination(eastbound/1,wheels/2).
:- determination(eastbound/1,has_car/2).
:- determination(eastbound/1,load/3).

% type definitions
car(car_11).  car(car_12).  car(car_13).  car(car_14).
car(car_21).  car(car_22).  car(car_23).
car(car_31).  car(car_32).  car(car_33).
car(car_41).  car(car_42).  car(car_43).  car(car_44).
car(car_51).  car(car_52).  car(car_53).
car(car_61).  car(car_62).
car(car_71).  car(car_72).  car(car_73).
car(car_81).  car(car_82).
car(car_91).  car(car_92).  car(car_93).  car(car_94).
car(car_101).  car(car_102).

shape(elipse).  shape(hexagon).  shape(rectangle).  shape(u_shaped).
shape(triangle). shape(circle). shape(nil).

train(east1).  train(east2).  train(east3).  train(east4).  train(east5).
train(west6).  train(west7).  train(west8).  train(west9).  train(west10).

% eastbound train 1
short(car_12).		% 0
closed(car_12).		% 1
long(car_11).		% 2
long(car_13).
short(car_14).
open_car(car_11).		% 3
% infront(east1,car_11).
% infront(car_11,car_12).
% infront(car_12,car_13).
% infront(car_13,car_14).
open_car(car_13).
open_car(car_14).
shape(car_11,rectangle). % 4,5
shape(car_12,rectangle).
shape(car_13,rectangle).
shape(car_14,rectangle).
load(car_11,rectangle,3). % 6,7,8
load(car_12,triangle,1).
load(car_13,hexagon,1).
load(car_14,circle,1).
wheels(car_11,2).	  % 9,10
wheels(car_12,2).
wheels(car_13,3).
wheels(car_14,2).
has_car(east1,car_11). % 11,12
has_car(east1,car_12).
has_car(east1,car_13).
has_car(east1,car_14).

% eastbound train 2
has_car(east2,car_21).
has_car(east2,car_22).
has_car(east2,car_23).
% infront(east2,car_21).
% infront(car_21,car_22).
% infront(car_22,car_23).
short(car_21).
short(car_22).
short(car_23).
shape(car_21,u_shaped).
shape(car_22,u_shaped).
shape(car_23,rectangle).
open_car(car_21).
open_car(car_22).
closed(car_23).
load(car_21,triangle,1).
load(car_22,rectangle,1).
load(car_23,circle,2).
wheels(car_21,2).
wheels(car_22,2).
wheels(car_23,2).

% eastbound train 3
has_car(east3,car_31).
has_car(east3,car_32).
has_car(east3,car_33).
% infront(east3,car_31).
% infront(car_31,car_32).
% infront(car_32,car_33).
short(car_31).
short(car_32).
long(car_33).
shape(car_31,rectangle).
shape(car_32,hexagon).
shape(car_33,rectangle).
open_car(car_31).
closed(car_32).
closed(car_33).
load(car_31,circle,1).
load(car_32,triangle,1).
load(car_33,triangle,1).
wheels(car_31,2).
wheels(car_32,2).
wheels(car_33,3).

% eastbound train 4
has_car(east4,car_41).
has_car(east4,car_42).
has_car(east4,car_43).
has_car(east4,car_44).
% infront(east4,car_41).
% infront(car_41,car_42).
% infront(car_42,car_43).
% infront(car_43,car_44).
short(car_41).
short(car_42).
short(car_43).
short(car_44).
shape(car_41,u_shaped).
shape(car_42,rectangle).
shape(car_43,elipse).
shape(car_44,rectangle).
double(car_42).
open_car(car_41).
open_car(car_42).
closed(car_43).
open_car(car_44).
load(car_41,triangle,1).
load(car_42,triangle,1).
load(car_43,rectangle,1).
load(car_44,rectangle,1).
wheels(car_41,2).
wheels(car_42,2).
wheels(car_43,2).
wheels(car_44,2).

% eastbound train 5
has_car(east5,car_51).
has_car(east5,car_52).
has_car(east5,car_53).
% infront(east5,car_51).
% infront(car_51,car_52).
% infront(car_52,car_53).
short(car_51).
short(car_52).
short(car_53).
shape(car_51,rectangle).
shape(car_52,rectangle).
shape(car_53,rectangle).
double(car_51).
open_car(car_51).
closed(car_52).
closed(car_53).
load(car_51,triangle,1).
load(car_52,rectangle,1).
load(car_53,circle,1).
wheels(car_51,2).
wheels(car_52,3).
wheels(car_53,2).

% westbound train 6
has_car(west6,car_61).
has_car(west6,car_62).
% infront(west6,car_61).
% infront(car_61,car_62).
long(car_61).
short(car_62).
shape(car_61,rectangle).
shape(car_62,rectangle).
closed(car_61).
open_car(car_62).
load(car_61,circle,3).
load(car_62,triangle,1).
wheels(car_61,2).
wheels(car_62,2).

% westbound train 7
has_car(west7,car_71).
has_car(west7,car_72).
has_car(west7,car_73).
% infront(west7,car_71).
% infront(car_71,car_72).
% infront(car_72,car_73).
short(car_71).
short(car_72).
long(car_73).
shape(car_71,rectangle).
shape(car_72,u_shaped).
shape(car_73,rectangle).
double(car_71).
open_car(car_71).
open_car(car_72).
jagged(car_73).
load(car_71,circle,1).
load(car_72,triangle,1).
load(car_73,nil,0).
wheels(car_71,2).
wheels(car_72,2).
wheels(car_73,2).

% westbound train 8
has_car(west8,car_81).
has_car(west8,car_82).
% infront(west8,car_81).
% infront(car_81,car_82).
long(car_81).
short(car_82).
shape(car_81,rectangle).
shape(car_82,u_shaped).
closed(car_81).
open_car(car_82).
load(car_81,rectangle,1).
load(car_82,circle,1).
wheels(car_81,3).
wheels(car_82,2).

% westbound train 9
has_car(west9,car_91).
has_car(west9,car_92).
has_car(west9,car_93).
has_car(west9,car_94).
% infront(west9,car_91).
% infront(car_91,car_92).
% infront(car_92,car_93).
% infront(car_93,car_94).
short(car_91).
long(car_92).
short(car_93).
short(car_94).
shape(car_91,u_shaped).
shape(car_92,rectangle).
shape(car_93,rectangle).
shape(car_94,u_shaped).
open_car(car_91).
jagged(car_92).
open_car(car_93).
open_car(car_94).
load(car_91,circle,1).
load(car_92,rectangle,1).
load(car_93,rectangle,1).
load(car_93,circle,1).
wheels(car_91,2).
wheels(car_92,2).
wheels(car_93,2).
wheels(car_94,2).

% westbound train 10
has_car(west10,car_101).
has_car(west10,car_102).
% infront(west10,car_101).
% infront(car_101,car_102).
short(car_101).
long(car_102).
shape(car_101,u_shaped).
shape(car_102,rectangle).
open_car(car_101).
open_car(car_102).
load(car_101,rectangle,1).
load(car_102,rectangle,2).
wheels(car_101,2).
wheels(car_102,2).


% cost(_,[P,N|_],Cost):-
	% Cost is 1-(P+1)/(P+N+2).
% 
% 
% :- aleph_set(refine,user).
% 
% refine(false,eastbound(X)):- !.
% refine(Clause,Clause1):-
	% add_lit(has_car(X,Y),Clause,Clause1).
% 
% add_lit(has_car(A,B),eastbound(A),(eastbound(A):-has_car(A,B))):- !.
% add_lit(has_car(A,B),(eastbound(A):-true),(eastbound(A):-has_car(A,B))):- !.
% add_lit(has_car(A,B),(eastbound(A):-Body),(eastbound(A):-Body1)):-
	% !,
	% add_lit(has_car(A,B),Body,Body1).
% add_lit(L,(L1,L2),(L1,L3)):-
	% !,
	% add_lit(L,L2,L3).
% add_lit(L,L1,(L1,L)).

% % 
% refine(false,(eastbound(X):-has_car(X,Y),short(Y),closed(Y))).
% refine(false,eastbound(X)).
% refine(eastbound(X),(eastbound(X):-has_car(X,Y))).
% refine(eastbound(X),(eastbound(X):-has_car(X,Y),short(Y))).
% refine((eastbound(X):-has_car(X,Y),short(Y)),(eastbound(X):-has_car(X,Y),short(Y),closed(Y))).

% :- aleph_set(portray_literals,true).
% :- aleph_set(portray_search,true).

% :- [portray].
/*
portray(eastbound(A)):-
	write('Train '), write(A),
	write(' is eastbound').

portray(has_car(A,B)):-
	write('train '), write(A),
	write(' has a car '), write(B).

portray(short(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is short').

portray(closed(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is closed').

portray(long(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is long').

portray(open_car(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is open').

portray(double(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is double-walled').

portray(jagged(B)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' has a jagged roof').

portray(shape(B,C)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' is '), write(C), write('-shaped').

portray(wheels(B,C)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' has '), write(C),
	write(' wheels').

portray(load(B,C,D)):-
	write('car '), write(B),
	write(' has '), write(D),
	write(' '), write(C), write('-shaped load(s)').

*/

:-end_bg.
:-begin_in_pos.
eastbound(east1).
eastbound(east2).
eastbound(east3).
eastbound(east4).
eastbound(east5).

% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
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% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east1).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
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% eastbound(east3).
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% eastbound(east5).
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% eastbound(east3).
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% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
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% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
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% eastbound(east5).
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% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
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% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
% eastbound(east2).
% eastbound(east3).
% eastbound(east4).
% eastbound(east5).
:-end_in_pos.

:-begin_in_neg.

eastbound(west6).
eastbound(west7).
eastbound(west8).
eastbound(west9).
eastbound(west10).

%westbound(east1).
%westbound(east2).
%westbound(east3).
%westbound(east4).
%westbound(east5).
:-end_in_neg.