{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Addendum\$n",
    "\n",
    "Additional Vspace MeTTa commands and functionality. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Create a unique container for an item:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#&a"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(box 'a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Get the item from the box:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(unbox (box 'a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Is an item a box?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#t"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(box? (box 'a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Generate random numbers. If given a floating-point number, then return a number between 0 and < number [0, number). If given an integer, return an integer between 0 and < number [0, number)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.10972947659033694"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(random 1.0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(random 2) ;; 0 or 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Truncate a float, or rational number by turning it into an integer:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(int 3.1415)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(int 3/2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Sort a list using a comparison operator:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(\"a\" \"b\" \"z\")"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(sort string<? (\"z\" \"a\" \"b\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(\"z\" \"b\" \"a\")"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(sort $a b) (> a b)) (\"z\" \"a\" \"b\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Get the typing completions for an object:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(% * + - / // < <= = > >= SCHEMEPATH abort abs and append apply assert assq assv atom? boolean? box box? caaaar caaadr caaar caadar caaddr caadr caar cadaar cadadr cadar caddar cadddr caddr cadr call-with-current-continuation call/cc car case cases cd cdaaar cdaadr cdaar cdadar cdaddr cdadr cdar cddaar cddadr cddar cdddar cddddr cdddr cddr cdr char->integer char->string char-alphabetic? char-numeric? char-whitespace? char=? char? clear-unit-tests cond cons current-directory current-environment current-time cut define-datatype dict dir display div eq? equal? eqv? error eval eval-ast even? exit expt float for-each format get-attr get-completions get-exception-message get-item get-stack-trace globals has-attr? has-item? host-environment import import-as import-from int integer->char iter? lambda length let let* letrec list list->string list->vector list-ref list? load load-as macros make-set make-vector map max member memq memv min mod modulo newline not null? number->string number? odd? or pair? parse parse-string print printf procedure? property python-eval python-exec quit quotient rac random range rational rdc read-string record-case remainder require reset-toplevel-env reverse round set-attr! set-car! set-cdr! set-item! snoc sort sqrt string string->list string->number string->symbol string-append string-join string-length string-ref string-split string<? string=? string? substring symbol->string symbol? trace-lambda typeof unbox unparse unparse-procedure use-lexical-address use-stack-trace use-tracing vector vector->list vector-length vector-ref vector-set! vector? void zero? λ)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(get-completions)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(__call__ __class__ __delattr__ __dict__ __dir__ __doc__ __eq__ __format__ __ge__ __getattribute__ __getitem__ __gt__ __hash__ __init__ __init_subclass__ __iter__ __le__ __len__ __lt__ __module__ __ne__ __new__ __next__ __reduce__ __reduce_ex__ __repr__ __setattr__ __sizeof__ __str__ __subclasshook__ __weakref__ car cdr next)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(get-completions dir)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Assert that (op exp1 exp2) is true:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ok"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(assert = 1 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[0;31m\$n",
      "Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"In [15]\", line 1, col 1, in 'assert'\n",
      "  File \"In [15]\", line 1, col 1\$n",
      "AssertionError: \n",
      "\n",
      "\u001b[0m"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(assert = 1 2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Can also provide a message:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[0;31m\$n",
      "Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"In [16]\", line 1, col 1, in 'assert'\n",
      "  File \"In [16]\", line 1, col 1\$n",
      "AssertionError: message\$n",
      "\n",
      "\u001b[0m"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(assert = 1 2 \"message\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Clear all of the unit tests define so far:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(clear-unit-tests)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Define a new group of unit-tests:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(define-tests my-name\$n",
    "  (assert = 1 1 \"name 1\")\n",
    "  (assert = 1 2 \"name 2\")\n",
    "  (assert = 1 3 \"case 1\")\n",
    "  (assert = 1 4 \"case 2\")\n",
    "              )"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Run all, or groups of unit tests:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Testing group 'my-name'...\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"name 2\" at line 3, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"case 1\" at line 4, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"case 2\" at line 5, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "=================\n",
      "Testing completed!\n",
      "  Time : 0.01 seconds\$n",
      "  Total tests defined: 4 \n",
      "  Total tests tested : 4 \n",
      "                Right: 1 \n",
      "                Wrong: 3 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(run-tests)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Testing group 'my-name'...\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"name 2\" at line 3, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"case 1\" at line 4, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"case 2\" at line 5, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "=================\n",
      "Testing completed!\n",
      "  Time : 0.00 seconds\$n",
      "  Total tests defined: 4 \n",
      "  Total tests tested : 4 \n",
      "                Right: 1 \n",
      "                Wrong: 3 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(run-tests my-name)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Testing group 'my-name'...\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"name 2\" at line 3, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "\n",
      "Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"In [18]\", line 3, col 3, in 'assert'\n",
      "  File \"In [18]\", line 3, col 3\$n",
      "AssertionError: name 2\$n",
      "\n",
      "  Procedure    : =\n",
      "       src     : 1\$n",
      "       src eval: 1\$n",
      "       result  : 2\$n",
      "=================\n",
      "Testing completed!\n",
      "  Time : 0.00 seconds\$n",
      "  Total tests defined: 4 \n",
      "  Total tests tested : 2 \n",
      "                Right: 1 \n",
      "                Wrong: 1 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(run-tests my-name \"name\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Testing group 'my-name'...\n",
      "  Error: my-name \"case 1\" at line 4, column 3 of In [18]\n",
      "\n",
      "Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"In [18]\", line 4, col 3, in 'assert'\n",
      "  File \"In [18]\", line 4, col 3\$n",
      "AssertionError: case 1\$n",
      "\n",
      "  Procedure    : =\n",
      "       src     : 1\$n",
      "       src eval: 1\$n",
      "       result  : 3\$n",
      "=================\n",
      "Testing completed!\n",
      "  Time : 0.01 seconds\$n",
      "  Total tests defined: 4 \n",
      "  Total tests tested : 1 \n",
      "                Right: 0 \n",
      "                Wrong: 1 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(run-tests my-name 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Change directory can expand \"home\":"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"/home/dblank\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(cd \"~/\") ;; expands ~ to home"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "See what host environment Vspace MeTTa is running under (returns \"python\" or \"scheme\"):"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"python\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(host-environment)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Define a dictionary:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(= (d (dict ((a : 1)(b : 2))))\n",
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Does the dictionary or vector contain the item?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#t"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(has-item?  d 'a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#f"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(has-item?  d 'c)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(= (v (vector 10 20 30))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#f"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(has-item? v 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#f"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(has-item? v 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "#t"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(has-item? v (slice 0 2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The Python slice of a object:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "slice(None, 5, None)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(slice None 5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "New macros via functions:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(define-syntax time-it\$n",
    "   $sexp)\n",
    "      `(let ((start (current-time))\n",
    "             (result ,(cadr sexp)))\n",
    "          (printf \"Time: ~s~%\" (- (current-time) start))\n",
    "          result)))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "($start result) (printf \"Time: ~s~%\" (- (current-time) start)) result) (current-time) 42)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(unparse (parse (time-it 42)))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Time: 0.0004911422729492188\$n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(time-it (+ 1 2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Ruby 3.0.4",
   "language": "ruby",
   "name": "ruby"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "scheme"
   },
   "mimetype": "text/x-scheme",
   "name": "scheme",
   "pygments_lexer": "scheme"
  },
  "toc": {
   "base_numbering": 1,
   "nav_menu": {},
   "number_sections": true,
   "sideBar": true,
   "skip_h1_title": false,
   "title_cell": "Table of Contents",
   "title_sidebar": "Contents",
   "toc_cell": false,
   "toc_position": {},
   "toc_section_display": true,
   "toc_window_display": false
  },
  "varInspector": {
   "cols": {
    "lenName": 16,
    "lenType": 16,
    "lenVar": 40
   },
   "kernels_config": {
    "python": {
     "delete_cmd_postfix": "",
     "delete_cmd_prefix": "del ",
     "library": "var_list.py",
     "varRefreshCmd": "print(var_dic_list())"
    },
    "r": {
     "delete_cmd_postfix": ") ",
     "delete_cmd_prefix": "rm(",
     "library": "var_list.r",
     "varRefreshCmd": "cat(var_dic_list()) "
    }
   },
   "types_to_exclude": [
    "module",
    "function",
    "builtin_function_or_method",
    "instance",
    "_Feature"
   ],
   "window_display": false
  },
  "widgets": {
   "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-state+json": {
    "state": {},
    "version_major": 2,
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 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 4
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